Business Services

Business Services

Humans live in societies that need to interact with each other and trade with each other to meet their needs. Since ancient times, people used to exchange goods for goods to meet their needs. Today, the same exchanges take place in a wider way, which is called trade. The word commerce is conventionally associated with trade and exchange of goods, although today the exchange of goods and trade has become more extensive due to the increase in population and various scientific advances in the society. Registration of goods orders for purchased foreign goods is done in the system of the Ministry of Commerce. In the following, we are going to define business, business services, business consulting and all kinds of commodity exchanges in today’s world.

Definition of business

Commerce has long been one of the vital professions of our country. To define business, we must first look at the characteristics of a businessman. A merchant, or trading group, takes responsibility for the supply of various goods. In this regard, the merchant can provide the capital needed by the trading company in three ways, personal capital, credit of the trading company, or mediation.

Another required component in the definition of business is its type in terms of geographical dimension. A trading company can have an activity area as large as a country, an international region or the whole world. Domestic trading companies only provide goods for domestic companies and individuals. Foreign trading companies export and import goods between two or more countries.

Business concept

The concept of business in its general state is to create a general platform for facilitating exchanges and doing things related to domestic and international businesses. In a more specific way, the concept of commerce is tied to the word commodity. This means that the trading company and the merchant are suppliers of different goods for different customers.

In a more detailed definition of commerce, the concept of commerce includes all activities that start from the initial stage of supplying raw materials and continue until the end of product production and its supply to the customer. Commerce has been in our country for many years, and domestic and foreign merchants are engaged in the provision of goods needed by the people. This is illustrated by the historic intercity caravanserais that have now become historical museums and protected or abandoned buildings.

Business explanation

In ancient times, people used trade to meet their needs. But nowadays, deeds are done in a different way. As it has become bigger and wider, the transactions are currently carried out by commercial companies; These companies have different types and are different in some countries, but in general they all follow the same goal.

The commercial company has several definitions; But in the general definition, it can be said that companies that buy and sell goods or provide services to make a profit. Two or more people register these companies to get profit, the more people are partners in commercial companies. These companies will also give more profit; Therefore, being a larger trading company has a significant impact on obtaining profit.

In order to explain commerce, different economic, political, commercial and international aspects of commodity exchange should be taken into consideration. In fact, the explanation of business is more or less different in different countries, even different provinces. For example, what is legal in our country and the trading company can provide and supply, may be impossible in a neighboring country.

As a better example, suppose there is a trading company in Iran that exports oil products to neighboring countries. The goal of such a trading company is to improve the level of the country’s oil exports, and since Iran is one of the largest producers of oil products and derivatives, it welcomes such foreign trade activities. However, in a country like Germany, due to the country’s need to maintain oil reserves and basic products, there is no possibility of export and corresponding commercial activity.

Foreign trade procedures

To be active in foreign trade affairs, you must first know the steps of foreign trade carefully, then decide and act on such activity. The stages of foreign trade in summary include, registering a trading company, receiving a trading card, communicating with foreign companies to supply or sell their desired goods, negotiating with domestic suppliers or consumers, and finally concluding a contract and obtaining permits to import or export goods through legal channels between two countries.

In Iran, many facilities are provided to commercial companies for export and import of various products. Especially for neighboring countries.

Commercial companies can import or export goods between Iran and its neighbors by air, land and sea.

Tehran trading companies

Iran is a very large country, for this reason, it has a common border with many countries. Most of Tehran’s trading companies operate both domestically and internationally. Tehran’s commercial companies take advantage of the wide capabilities that the country’s geography provides them.

If you are a manufacturer and you need to supply your products in domestic and international markets, or if you are a seller and you need materials or goods specific to your activity, you can enter into negotiations with commercial companies in Tehran and in this way reach the commercial goal. reach yourself These trading companies provide you with the necessary advice to facilitate the process of buying or selling various goods.

Also, and especially, if you want to send a certain product to countries such as Iraq, Syria, Turkey, Armenia, UAE and many other neighboring countries, but you do not know the way and method, you can enter into a contract with a foreign trading company that will facilitate provide you with export requirements.

commercial order registration

In the systems built for the Ministry of Commerce, there are sections under the title of registration of commercial orders that help you go through the steps required to export or import the goods you want. For example, for goods to enter the country, the importer enters the commercial order registration site and performs things such as registration, inquiry and finally payment of customs fees.

In such systems, you must enter the detailed information of the goods you want to import or export, the address of the recipient or the sender, customs codes, product descriptions, exporting and importing companies, and other such information online.

You can do business in two ways, either register a trading company or get help from a trading company to do the export and import of goods.

Basic business concepts

Today, there are basic concepts in trade and commerce that people can interact with each other all over the world and at international levels. Below we mention some of these concepts.

Exchange

In the past, barter was the trade of goods. This concept is true today even for transactions where money is used. In order to do business, you must first familiarize yourself with the concept of exchange and import rules. Exchange means taking goods and giving goods. Today, business transactions are done with money, but in some cases, exchange also takes the first place.

Business

Conducting business transactions and trading goods in order to make a profit at the end of the transaction is called business. In fact, in business, by selling goods, the seller thinks about the profit of the transaction. In the past, when transactions were only through the exchange of goods for goods, both parties benefited from the exchange. Usually, exchanging goods is called business if the purpose of this work is profit.

Commerce

All things that happen in the course of commercial transactions and exchange of goods from the stage of production of materials, manufacture and supply of materials and until they reach the hands of the consumer are called commerce. All other matters such as transportation, distribution, goods clearance, goods clearance, etc. are also included in this category.

Business is an activity that is done during business. That is, from the stage of exchange of goods to the arrival of those goods in the hands of the consumer, it is called commerce.

the merchant

To someone who has done business and engages in business activities. The merchant says that the merchant must be smart and aware of the commodity needs of the society.

Trading companies based on the type of activity
Commercial companies can also take their activities out of the country to make more profit; It means to trade with foreign countries as well. Usually, companies that have foreign trade have multinational managers who work in that company.

In order for commercial companies to engage in foreign transactions, i.e. import and export. They should register their company internationally, that is, they register their company internationally by applying for a business card.

As mentioned above, commercial companies are divided into two categories, commercial and service, based on their type of activity. The activity of commercial companies is buying and selling goods from all over the world; which has many features. These features include:

They can earn money by selling goods, they do business with a large number of goods, they get significant profit from buying and selling activities and… But service companies do not buy and sell goods, these companies earn their income through the services they provide.

Business duties

Basically, the merchant is an intermediary between the consumer and the production agents who has duties and performs his activities according to these duties. The business activities are as follows:

The merchant is responsible for the supply of goods and circulation of production and service activities.

The goods that are in the hands of the merchants should be delivered by these people to the consumers.

Types of trading companies

Joint-stock company: Joint-stock companies are one of the types of commercial companies in which the capital is divided into shares, and by purchasing these shares, people are considered to be part of the owners of the shares and are responsible for their duties, although their duties depend on the amount of their shares. .

Partnership company: Partnership companies are made up of partners, the responsibility of the partners it has nothing to do with their capital and each of them does their work according to their pre-determined task.

Limited liability company: usually two or more people establish a company to do business. Each person brings capital to this company and the task of each of them depends on the amount of capital they want to bring.

Non-stock mixed company: usually this company is established between several people and they also need a guarantor for establishment. Usually this company does not issue shares for selling shares.

Mixed joint stock company: This company is formed with a special name between one joint stock partner and one or more guarantor partners.

Relative company: To establish this company, you must consider a special name, and this company also depends on the amount of capital of the partners.

Cooperative production and consumption company: Usually, the establishment of this is to meet the needs of the society and also to improve the economic situation in which the partners cooperate voluntarily. All these companies are considered as types of commercial companies that have different characteristics and different performance.

How commercial companies work

Usually, commercial companies should be registered first and then start their work. Commercial companies appear as different companies according to the type and profession of activity. Usually, most commercial companies create and expand their business according to the market and the amount of capital they have. Usually, these people help to improve the situation of the company and also make more profit by knowing the market.

In the past, rough businessmen usually do their business by traveling to a different country. But today, with the advancement of technology and the use of various communication methods, there is no need to travel anymore, and commercial companies can provide their services to other countries even remotely. To understand this issue, pay attention to this example. India is one of the largest exporters of IT services. This country easily sends its services to other countries using modern technology.

Commercial company registration

Before registering the company, you must have come to the conclusion that you want to register the company and operate in what field; Once the type of activity is determined, it is time to register it. You have to register your company completely online through the company registration system.

Of course, it should be noted that there are various companies that help you in the field of company registration and make it easier for you. You can easily register your desired company by visiting these companies and consulting with their experts.

Advantages of forming a trading company

Legalization of the company and the agreement between them.

The duties, responsibilities and powers of each person are defined legally.

With the formation of a trading company, the amount of capital of each partner, as well as the type of activity they perform and the amount of financial and legal obligations of each partner are fully and clearly determined.

With the registration of the trading company, it is no longer necessary for every real partner to be active, you can turn real persons into legal entities and start your activity.

It creates trust and increases the confidence of partners and customers.
If they want to increase their capital, they can sell shares.
By registering a trading company, you can participate in tenders and auctions and get permission to attend easily.
Documents and conditions necessary to register a private limited company

As it was said that joint-stock companies have been converted into public and private joint-stock companies, certain procedures and conditions are required for the registration of a private joint-stock trading company. These conditions include: 1. 35% of the capital must be paid in cash. 2. The number of members should be more than 3 members and have at least 2 inspectors. 3. The elected CEO must be over 23 years old.

The necessary documents for registering a public company are:

A copy of any identity documents and carrying a copy of the national card and birth certificate 2. Existence of signing the declaration 3. If the registration is done by a lawyer, it is necessary to have a power of attorney.

Documents and conditions required to register a commercial company with limited liability

Registering a trading company with limited liability is very easy and you can register the company by submitting documents and having sufficient conditions. These documents and conditions include: 1. The minimum capital for the company should be one hundred thousand Rials. 2. The selected managing director must be over 23 years old. 3. The number of members must be more than two. 4. The entire capital must be paid in one place.

The registration documents of the limited liability trading company are:

To register a trading company with limited liability, not many documents are necessary. The first document you should bring is a copy of your national card and birth certificate. The second original document is the certificate of no bad background. If you don’t have this document, you will not be able to register the company. The last document is to have a company registration license.

What is the work of trading companies?

The first thing that trading companies have to do is to buy goods, with which they do business. The second thing they do is to sell these goods for profit. The third task is the distribution of required goods, and finally, the export and import of all permitted trade goods is one of the tasks performed by the trading company.

Commercial companies should clear goods from customs and also increase credits and LCs with banks. To increase the number of customers, the trading company should participate in all internal and external exhibitions, seminars and conferences. Also representing different companies accept and represent themselves to various companies and also receive loans from all banks and institutions in case of budget and capital deficit.

Commercial companies usually have several definitions, but the general definition is the companies that offer their goods and services, even with foreign countries. According to their type of activity, these companies are divided into two categories: commercial and service. Commercial companies have a significant impact on economic growth; Because they export and import goods needed by the country and also import capital into the country.

Business Services

Commercial services refer to various commercial activities, including clearance of goods, export of goods, import of goods, international transportation, air cargo transportation, land transportation, sea cargo transportation, ship charter, purchasing from all over the world, container transportation, etc. to be Commercial companies divide these services into two categories, each of which is briefly explained below.

Commercial services to the manufacturer

Producers of all kinds of goods all over the world need materials, services and tools to produce and sell their goods so that they can produce and supply their products. These services include all kinds of purchases such as buying machines, raw materials, tools, parts, etc. Commercial companies provide these services to manufacturers in all areas of source identification, supply, equipment and procurement of raw materials.

Business services to consumers

Delivering the goods and products produced all over the world to the consumers is also one of the activities specific to the field of commercial services. Commercial services knows the needs and tastes of the customers and tries to deliver the goods and services produced according to the needs of the society to the customers. These trading companies prepare and supply the desired product according to the customer’s needs and in order to obtain his satisfaction. These companies give the consumer the right to buy their goods with an open mind by giving accurate and correct advice on all kinds of goods around the world. Borezgani services has prepared plans to perform the mentioned tasks in order to provide services to the customer by identifying the customer’s talents at the time of payment of the price of the goods and other specifications and conditions of the customer. Click to know about customs news and customs tariffs.

Commercial services to the country’s economy

Business activities are in the direction of policies and methods that build the economy of each country. For example, some countries prohibit the import or export of some goods due to economic policies. The implementation of these policies can help strengthen the country’s economic system. If the policies of the country prioritize the export of some goods to strengthen the economic base of the country, the business will implement these policies. Commercial services are able to adjust the space and time distance between producers and consumers with the circulation of goods in order to strengthen the country’s economy. Carrying out commercial activities in the country causes the division of labor among producers and causes each producer to be engaged in the production of goods privately. increase the national production of a country.

Business consulting

All importers and exporters of goods need to see trainings related to trade and exchange of goods at international levels before doing their business. Consultants in commercial companies advise importers and exporters from the beginning to the end of the work. These steps include receiving a business card, registering a company and company statement, receiving an economic code, registering and sealing the commercial office, and finally registering the goods order in the Shafaresh registration system and the comprehensive trade system. Export and import of goods is one of the most important business sectors at the international level. Export marketing steps, import and clearance rules, as well as how to identify the tariff of goods and calculate their import duties are some of the steps that people need to check during import and export. Business consulting services are provided in relation to the following matters:

Providing advice in all commercial and customs matters based on the latest section of letters and commercial laws of the country
The initial estimate and declaration of all the costs of purchase, transportation and clearance of goods is based on the legal tariff of the goods before receiving them in the country of origin.
Declaring all costs of air transportation of goods and clearing them from customs to the buyer and business partners
Conclusion of a valid contract based on a proforma or proforma invoice to the customer
All kinds of business

Commercial activities and affairs are divided into domestic and foreign commercial categories based on location.

internal trading

Commercial transactions and trade that are carried out within the country’s borders are called domestic trade. In this type of business, buying and selling goods is done inside the country. Carrying out these activities is to meet the needs through producers or internal sources, and trading in this type of business is done based on official currency.

Foreign Trade

As the name suggests, in foreign trade, buying and selling and commercial transactions are done at international levels. In this type of business, buyers and sellers are connected with international currencies and need to exchange goods and currencies with global credit for retail and sales. Foreign trade aims to provide the country’s needed tools and equipment at a lower and more appropriate price, and in the meantime, people are thinking of getting the benefit and profit from this trade and commerce.

Regional business

To buy and sell goods between two or more existing countries in a geographical area, it is called a regional business. The countries that participate in regional trade by concluding agreements consider concessions and facilities for each other in foreign trade, which in the absence of these agreements, no concessions would be given. The purpose of doing regional business is the following:

Facilitating business transactions
Raising the living standards of the people of a region
Increasing the production level of factories
Creating employment for the residents of that area
Sharing the resources of a region
Sharing in possible risks to the economy of countries in the same region
Creating a stronger economic defense barrier to deal with competing countries
Business units
Various public and private commercial units can engage in commercial activities. In fact, any individual, group, organization, or organization can perform commercial activities in a private or public manner. In the following, we will learn about the types of commercial units.

Private business units

Private business units are created by individuals who intend to do business. In these business units, the investment, responsibility and way of running the company is the responsibility of one person. These people have a limited and often short activity and perform poorly in terms of competition with other business units. Among the merits of these business units, we can point out freedom in work, the possibility of direct communication with the customer, and being limited to one’s own unit.

State business units

It is the responsibility of the government to provide the necessary budget for commercial activities in state commercial units, and the executive agents of this commercial unit are government employees. For all people who are active in the field of business and looking to export goods, it is highly recommended to study the export laws.

Mixed business unit

Commercial activities in these units provide their capital both through the public sector and through the private sector, such as banks that have been established with the joint capital of the government and the private sector.

Comercial companies

Commercial companies are companies that are registered by two or more people in order to gain profit from doing business activities and complying with the relevant regulations. These companies are classified based on various indicators and factors, which cannot be covered in this article. In the following, we discuss some of the activities that commercial companies do.

Transportation of goods by land, air and sea
Establishment of any type of factory
Bank exchange operations
Marine and non-marine insurance operations
Carrying out shipping transactions, domestic and foreign shipping and shipbuilding
Setting up public exhibitions
Conducting auction activities
Conducting these transactions is divided into four important categories based on the buyer and sender:

Conducting transactions to meet the business needs of merchants
Making transactions between merchants, businesses, banks and money changers
Transactions in commercial companies
Carrying out transactions of the merchant crew for the merchant’s business affairs
In the past, Afra used to make transactions through commodity exchanges to meet their needs. Even today, these exchanges are carried out through money or currency at the domestic and international levels in order to meet the needs of nations and obtain financial benefits. Commercial services are all matters related to commercial activities and exchange of goods. These services are fully detailed for buyers and sellers through commercial consulting companies before making transactions. Trade is divided into domestic trade, foreign trade and regional trade. Business activities are undertaken by different business units, which can be government, private or mixed. Government, private and mixed commercial units are the source of funding for commercial activities.

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